![]() ![]() The most common salts in crude oil are sodium, calcium and magnesium chlorides (NaCl ~ 70 to 80wt%, CaCl2 ~10wt%, and MgCl2 ~ 10 to 20wt%), which are in the form of crystals or ionized in the water present in the crude. Desalting is normally considered a part of the crude distillation unit since heat from some of the streams in the atmospheric distillation is used to heat the crude in the desalting process. Its primary objective is to prevent corrosion and fouling of downstream lines and equipment by reducing the oil’s salt content significantly. Desalting is the first separation process that takes place at the front end of a petroleum refinery (i.e., prior to atmospheric distillation Figure 1.5).
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